working with yum and rpm

download the latest repodata

yum clean
yum repolist

list current repos

yum repolist




Querying data from the RPM database

List the available tags

rpm --querytags

you can specify 1 or more tags plus what ever formatting you want /n /t etc..

rpm -q -qf "%{TAGNAME}\n" fake-rpm
or
rpm -q --qf "%{INSTALLTID}\n%{FILENAMES}\n%{BUILDTIME}\n" fake-rpm

determine which rpm has the largest file on the server

rpm -qa --queryformat "[%-15{NAME} %-50{FILENAMES} %{FILESIZES}\n]" | sort -n -k 3 | tail -20 # -k 3 = sort on third field

determine when an rpm was installed, displayed in human readable time

rpm -q --qf "%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} %{INSTALLTIME:date}\n" fake-rpm

determine inter dependencies

rpm -q --whatrequires /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.5

rpm -q --whatprovides /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.5

disable yum plugins on RHEL if your not registering the server with a satellite server




Resigning a vendor package with the example GPG key

[root@server ~]# rpm -qip spacewalk-selinux-1.4.1-1.el5-test.src.rpm
Name : spacewalk-selinux Relocations: (not relocatable)
Version : 1.4.1 Vendor: Koji
Release : 1.el5 Build Date: Thu 03 Mar 2011 08:57:31 PM EST
Install Date: (not installed) Build Host: domU-12-31-38-00-09-D1
Group : System Environment/Base Source RPM: (none)
Size : 144 License: GPLv2+
Signature : DSA/SHA1, Tue 26 Apr 2011 03:57:18 AM EST, Key ID ed635379b3892132
Packager : Koji
URL : http://fedorahosted.org/spacewalk
Summary : SELinux policy module supporting Spacewalk Server
Description :
SELinux policy module supporting Spacewalk Server.

[root@server ~]# rpm --resign spacewalk-selinux-1.4.1-1.el5-test.src.rpm
Enter pass phrase:
Pass phrase is good.
spacewalk-selinux-1.4.1-1.el5-test.src.rpm:
gpg: WARNING: standard input reopened
gpg: WARNING: standard input reopened

[root@server ~]# rpm -qip spacewalk-selinux-1.4.1-1.el5-test.src.rpm
Name : spacewalk-selinux Relocations: (not relocatable)
Version : 1.4.1 Vendor: Koji
Release : 1.el5 Build Date: Thu 03 Mar 2011 08:57:31 PM EST
Install Date: (not installed) Build Host: domU-12-31-38-00-09-D1
Group : System Environment/Base Source RPM: (none)
Size : 144 License: GPLv2+
Signature : DSA/SHA1, Mon 19 Aug 2013 12:21:12 PM EST, Key ID 6cf907deb8607f33 ## Key has changed
Packager : Koji
URL : http://fedorahosted.org/spacewalk
Summary : SELinux policy module supporting Spacewalk Server
Description :
SELinux policy module supporting Spacewalk Server.




RPM packaging and development

Building a custom meta package that encompasses multiple customer child package

source files /usr/src/redhat/SOURCES/example-1.1.tar.gz

member packages

  1. example-1.1-4.el5.i386.rpm (meta-package)
  2. example-tools-1.1-4.el5.i386.rpm
  3. example-devops-1.1-4.el5.i386.rpm
  4. example-security-1.1-4.el5.i386.rpm
  5. example-vmware-1.1-4.el5.i386.rpm

RPM Package development server.

  • The RPM build directory is /usr/src/redhat/
  • packages are built as the root user
  • You will need the pass-phrase for the example gpg signing key
  • When building the example-tools there are distribution specific dependencies.
  • example meta package is built as 32bit. as it contains no binary executables it will work on both 32 & 64bit.

Walk though of updating/modifying the example package

Delete the previously extracted package tarball, this is required in case someone has made changes to the files

rm -R /usr/src/redhat/BUILD/example-1.1

Extract the package tar ball that was created during the previous RPM creation

cd /usr/src/redhat/BUILD/
tar xvf /usr/src/redhat/SOURCES/example-1.1.tar.gz

Make the desired change to the files in the rpm. eg...

vi /usr/src/redhat/BUILD/example-1.1/etc/cron.daily/housekeeping-daily

Create a compressed tarball of the files that will be including in the RPM

cd /usr/src/redhat/BUILD/
tar zcvf /usr/src/redhat/SOURCES/example-1.1.tar.gz ./example-1.1

Update the release version and change log in the spec file

vi /usr/src/redhat/SPECS/example.spec

Build the rpms for the various distribution targets

rpmbuild --define 'dist .el5' --target=i386 -ba --sign /usr/src/redhat/SPECS/example.spec
rpmbuild --define 'dist .el6' --target=i386 -ba --sign /usr/src/redhat/SPECS/example.spec.el6

Repo locations...

/data/redhat/linux/enterprise/5Server/en/example/i386/
/data/redhat/linux/enterprise/5Server/en/example/x86_64/
/data/redhat/linux/enterprise/6Server/en/example/x86_64/
/data/redhat/linux/enterprise/7Server/en/example/x86_64/

Copy new RPMs to the repo directories

NEWVERSION="1.1-4" # set to the desired version 
cp -v /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i386/example*$NEWVERSION.el5.i386.rpm /data/redhat/linux/enterprise/5Server/en/example/i386/
cp -v /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i386/example*$NEWVERSION.el6.i386.rpm /data/redhat/linux/enterprise/6Server/en/example/x86_64/
cp -v /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i386/example*$NEWVERSION.el5.i386.rpm /data/redhat/linux/enterprise/5Server/en/example/x86_64/
cp -v /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i386/example*$NEWVERSION.el7.i386.rpm /data/redhat/linux/enterprise/7Server/en/example/x86_64/

Updating the repos

cd /data/redhat/linux/enterprise/5Server/en/example/i386/
createrepo .
cd /data/redhat/linux/enterprise/6Server/en/example/x86_64/
createrepo .
cd /data/redhat/linux/enterprise/5Server/en/example/x86_64/
createrepo .
cd /data/redhat/linux/enterprise/7Server/en/example/x86_64/
createrepo .

Syncing the YUM repos with the satellite server

Login to the REDHAT satellite server and sync the channels individually

spacewalk-repo-sync --channel rhel6-x86_64-example --type yum
spacewalk-repo-sync --channel rhel5-x86_64-example --type yum
spacewalk-repo-sync --channel rhel5-i386-example   --type yum
spacewalk-repo-sync --channel rhel7-x86_64-example --type yum

or

Sync all the channels including to RedHat ( warning this will take a long time )

[root@satellite1 ~]# /opt/example/bin/satellite-sync.sh

No new packages to sync.
Repo http://server.example.local/redhat/linux/enterprise/5Server/en/rhel-example/x86_64/ has 0 errata.
Sync completed.
Total time: 0:00:00
Repo URL: http://server.example.local/redhat/linux/enterprise/5Server/en/vmware-tools/latest/x86_64/
Packages in repo: 46
Packages already synced: 37
Packages to sync: 9
1/9 : kmod-vmware-tools-pvscsi-1.0.2.0-2.6.18.8.el5.3-0.x86_64
2/9 : vmware-tools-xorg-drv-mouse-12.6.4.0-4-0.x86_64
3/9 : kmod-vmware-tools-vsock-1.0.0.0-2.6.18.8.el5.3-0.x86_64
4/9 : kmod-vmware-tools-vmsync-1.1.0.1-2.6.18.8.el5.3-0.x86_64
5/9 : kmod-vmware-tools-vmci-9.0.1.1-2.6.18.8.el5.3-0.x86_64
6/9 : kmod-vmware-tools-vmmemctl-1.2.1.2-2.6.18.8.el5.3-0.x86_64
7/9 : kmod-vmware-tools-vmblock-1.1.2.0-2.6.18.8.el5.3-0.x86_64
8/9 : kmod-vmware-tools-vmhgfs-1.4.1.1-2.6.18.8.el5.3-0.x86_64
9/9 : vmware-tools-xorg-drv-display-11.0.2.10-4-0.x86_64
Repo http://server.example.local/redhat/linux/enterprise/5Server/en/vmware-tools/latest/x86_64/ has 0 errata.
Sync completed.
Total time: 0:00:04
Repo URL: http://server.example.local/redhat/linux/enterprise/5Server/en/example/i386/
Packages in repo: 90
Packages already synced: 86
Packages to sync: 4
1/4 : example-tools-1.1-4.el5-0.i386
2/4 : example-tools-1.1-213.el5-0.i386
3/4 : tidalagent-3.1.0.13-8-0.i386 
Repo http://server.example.local/redhat/linux/enterprise/5Server/en/example/i386/ has 0 errata.
Sync completed.

Dealing with a package interdependency issue of my own creation....

To explain the issue, in the package dependencies we have:

  1. example-tools requires example at the same version
  2. example-devops requires example at the same version
  3. There is no version lock between tools and devops

The upgrade appears to go as follows: (Assume installed version is ‘1’, target version is ‘2’ and latest in repo is ‘3’

  1. All three packages installed at version 1
  2. Request example-tools upgrade to version 2, requires example also at version 2.
  3. Conflict as example-devops is at version 1, and requires example at version 1
  4. yum attempts to resolve conflict, by trying to upgrade example-devops. (This is an upgrade that will just pick the latest available, so picks version 3
  5. example-devops version 3 depends on example version 3
  6. Conflict now between example and example-tools, so upgrade example-tools to resolve
  7. All packages now at version 3.

Two things to try:

  1. Version lock all of the packages together (This will work)

  2. Create a RHN errata, and try applying it.

    yum install example-devops --exclude=1.1-2 --exclude=1.1-3

    Installed: example-devops.i386 0:1.1-207.el5